Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Generation Using Zirconium and Its Niobium Alloy under Gamma Radiation

Imran Ali; Gunel Imanova; Teymur Agayev; Anar Aliyev; Sakin Jabarov; Hassan M Albishri; Wael Hamad Alshitari; Ahmed M Hameed; Ahmed Alharbi

doi:10.3390/molecules27196325

Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Generation Using Zirconium and Its Niobium Alloy under Gamma Radiation

Molecules. 2022 Sep 26;27(19):6325. doi: 10.3390/molecules27196325.

Authors

Imran Ali^{1

2}, Gunel Imanova³, Teymur Agayev³, Anar Aliyev³, Sakin Jabarov³, Hassan M Albishri², Wael Hamad Alshitari⁴, Ahmed M Hameed⁵, Ahmed Alharbi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
² Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia.
³ Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, AZ 1143 Baku, Azerbaijan.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Hydrogen production is produced for future green energy. The radiation-chemical yield for seawater without a catalyst, with Zr, and with Zr1%Nb (Zr = 99% Nb = 1%) were (G(H₂) = 0.81, 307.1, and 437.4 molecules/100 eV, respectively. The radiation-thermal water decomposition increased in γ-radiation of the Zr1%Nb + SW system with increasing temperature. At T = 1273 K, it prevails over radiation processes. During the radiation and heat radiation heterogeneous procedures in the Zr1% Nb + SW system, the production of surface energetic sites and secondary electrons accelerated the accumulation of molecular hydrogen and Zr1%Nb oxidation. Thermal radiation and thermal processes caused the metal phase to collect thermal surface energetic sites for water breakdown and Zr 1%Nb oxidation starting at T = 573 K.

Keywords: Zr1%Nb alloys; hydrogen generation; seawater splitting; thermal and radiation–thermal decompositions; γ-radiation.

Grants and funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Also, the authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Umm Al-Qura University for supporting this work by Grant Code: (22UQU4280401DSR04).