Absolutely closed semigroups

Rev R Acad Cienc Exactas Fis Nat A Mat. 2024;118(1):23. doi: 10.1007/s13398-023-01519-2. Epub 2023 Nov 9.

Abstract

Let C be a class of topological semigroups. A semigroup X is called absolutely C-closed if for any homomorphism h:XY to a topological semigroup YC, the image h[X] is closed in Y. Let T1S, T2S, and TzS be the classes of T1, Hausdorff, and Tychonoff zero-dimensional topological semigroups, respectively. We prove that a commutative semigroup X is absolutely TzS-closed if and only if X is absolutely T2S-closed if and only if X is chain-finite, bounded, group-finite and Clifford + finite. On the other hand, a commutative semigroup X is absolutely T1S-closed if and only if X is finite. Also, for a given absolutely C-closed semigroup X we detect absolutely C-closed subsemigroups in the center of X.

Keywords: C-closed semigroup; Chain-finite semigroup; Commutative semigroup; Group; Periodic semigroup; Semilattice.