Mood disorders in HIV are common and can impact on the course of the illness. With the increasing use of newer psychopharmacologic and antiviral medications, clinicians need to take precautions while prescribing them. This paper gives an overview of the most recent literature describing the pharmacologic treatment of mood disorders in HIVpositive patients. The authors of this paper focus on antidepressants, mood stabilizers, neuroleptics, and psychostimulants, as well as on areas of controversy. The authors' own clinical experiences are also included.