The Effects of Respiratory Vaccine Type and Timing on Antibody Titers, Immunoglobulins, and Growth Performance in Pre- and Post-Weaned Beef Calves

Jeff M Matty; Cassidy Reddout; Jordan Adams; Mike Major; David Lalman; Rosslyn Biggs; Janeen L Salak-Johnson; Paul A Beck

doi:10.3390/vetsci10010037

The Effects of Respiratory Vaccine Type and Timing on Antibody Titers, Immunoglobulins, and Growth Performance in Pre- and Post-Weaned Beef Calves

Vet Sci. 2023 Jan 4;10(1):37. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10010037.

Authors

Jeff M Matty¹, Cassidy Reddout¹, Jordan Adams², Mike Major¹, David Lalman¹, Rosslyn Biggs³, Janeen L Salak-Johnson¹, Paul A Beck¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
² Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
³ Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.

Abstract

In order to examine the effects of vaccine type and timing of crossbred beef calves (n = 151) were assigned to one of three BRD vaccination protocols stratified by breed of sire, sex, and date of birth, which included: (1) KM-a pentavalent killed viral (KV) vaccine at 2 to 3 months of age (D 0) and a pentavalent modified-live viral (MLV) vaccine at weaning (D 127); (2) MM-MLV on D 0 and revaccinated on D 127 or (3) WN-MLV at weaning and D 140. Vaccination treatment did not affect performance nor BRSV serum-neutralizing antibody titers. Serum-neutralizing antibody titers to BVDV-1 were greatest for the MM through D 154. However, following booster (KM) or initial vaccination (WN) at D 127, titers increased for the other treatment groups to higher values (KM) by the end of the study. Delay of initial vaccination until weaning may have delayed specific antibody response in the WN group and skewed the immune response towards a Th-1 or cell-mediated response. Overall, the inclusion of an MLV in the vaccine protocol resulted in a more robust antibody response, and the timing of vaccination may affect the onset of efficacious and robust vaccine responses.

Keywords: beef calves; bovine respiratory disease; preconditioning; vaccination; weaning.

Grants and funding

Research was funded by Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station Hatch Proj. No. OKL03172; Gifts from Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN; and the OSU Dennis and Marta White Endowed Chair in Animal Science.