Microbial Community Response to Granular Peroxide-Based Algaecide Treatment of a Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Bloom in Lake Okeechobee, Florida (USA)

Toxins (Basel). 2024 Apr 26;16(5):206. doi: 10.3390/toxins16050206.

Abstract

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) occur in fresh water globally. These can degrade water quality and produce toxins, resulting in ecological and economic damages. Thus, short-term management methods (i.e., algaecides) are necessary to rapidly mitigate the negative impacts of cyanoHABs. In this study, we assess the efficacy of a hydrogen peroxide-based algaecide (PAK® 27) on a Microcystis dominated bloom which occurred within the Pahokee Marina on Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA. We observed a significant reduction in chlorophyll a (96.81%), phycocyanin (93.17%), and Microcystis cell counts (99.92%), and a substantial reduction in microcystins (86.7%) 48 h after treatment (HAT). Additionally, there was a significant shift in bacterial community structure 48 HAT, which coincided with an increase in the relative abundance of photosynthetic protists. These results indicate that hydrogen peroxide-based algaecides are an effective treatment method for cyanoHAB control and highlight their effects on non-target microorganisms (i.e., bacteria and protists).

Keywords: 16S rRNA; HAB management; Microcystis; bacteria; cyanobacteria; microcystin; protist.

MeSH terms

  • Chlorophyll A / metabolism
  • Cyanobacteria / drug effects
  • Florida
  • Harmful Algal Bloom*
  • Hydrogen Peroxide* / pharmacology
  • Lakes* / microbiology
  • Microbiota / drug effects
  • Microcystins
  • Microcystis / drug effects
  • Microcystis / growth & development
  • Phycocyanin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Microcystins
  • Phycocyanin
  • Chlorophyll A

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.