Spatial and Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in West Java, Indonesia and Its Influencing Factors

Delima Istio Prawiradhani Putri; Dwi Agustian; Lika Apriani; Ridwan Ilyas

doi:10.3390/ijerph20043198

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in West Java, Indonesia and Its Influencing Factors

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 11;20(4):3198. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043198.

Authors

Delima Istio Prawiradhani Putri¹, Dwi Agustian², Lika Apriani², Ridwan Ilyas³

Affiliations

¹ Epidemiology Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Eyckman No. 38 Gedung RSP Unpad Lantai 4, Bandung 40161, Indonesia.
² Division Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Ir. Soekarno KM. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia.
³ Informatics Department, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jalan Terusan Jenderal Sudirman, Cimahi 40531, Indonesia.

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread quickly and reached epidemic levels worldwide. West Java is Indonesia's most populous province and has a high susceptibility to the transmission of the disease, resulting in a significant number of COVID-19 cases. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the influencing factors as well as the spatial and temporal distribution of COVID-19 in West Java. Data on COVID-19 cases in West Java obtained from PIKOBAR were used. Spatial distribution was described using a choropleth, while the influencing factors were evaluated with regression analysis. To determine whether COVID-19s policies and events affected its temporal distribution, the cases detected were graphed daily or biweekly with information on those two variables. Furthermore, the cumulative incidence was described in the linear regression analysis model as being significantly influenced by vaccinations and greatly elevated by population density. The biweekly chart had a random pattern with sharp decreases or spikes in cumulative incidence changes. Spatial and temporal analysis helps greatly in understanding distribution patterns and their influencing factors, specifically at the beginning of the pandemic. Plans and strategies for control and assessment programs may be supported by this study material.

Keywords: COVID-19; Indonesia; spatial pattern; temporal; vaccine COVID-19.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Humans
Indonesia / epidemiology
Population Density

Grants and funding

This research was partially funded by Kedaireka Matching Fund Year 2021 under contract number: 4024/E3/PKS.09/KL/2021 with the project entitled “Pengembangan Pusat Informasi Dan Koordinasi COVID-19 Jabar (Pikobar): Suatu Project-Based Learning Pengembangan Prototipe Layanan Intelijen Wabah Penyakit Menular Baru”.