Objective: This paper aims to develop a miniaturized forward-looking ultrasound transducer for intracavitary tissue ablation, which can be used through an endoscopic device. The internal ultrasound (US) delivery is capable of directly interacting with the target tumor, resolving adverse issues of currently available US devices, such as unintended tissue damage and insufficient delivery of acoustic power.
Methods: To transmit a high acoustic pressure from a small aperture (<3 mm), a double layer transducer (1.3 MHz) was designed and fabricated based on numerical simulations. The electric impedance and the acoustic pressure of the actual device was characterized with an impedance analyzer and a hydrophone. Ex vivo tissue ablation tests and temperature monitoring were then conducted with porcine livers.
Results: The acoustic intensity of the transducer was 37.1 W/cm2 under 250 Vpp and 20% duty cycle. The tissue temperature was elevated to 51.8 °C with a 67 Hz pulse-repetition frequency. The temperature profile in the tissue indicated that ultrasound energy was effectively absorbed inside the tissue. During a 5-min sonification, an approximate tissue volume of 2.5 × 2.5 × 1.0 mm3 was ablated, resulting in an irreversible lesion.
Conclusion: This miniaturized US transducer is a promising medical option for the precise tissue ablation, which can reduce the risk of unintended tissue damage found in noninvasive US treatments.
Significance: Having a small aperture (2 mm), the intracavitary device is capable of ablating a bio tissue in 5 min with a relatively low electric power (<17 W).