Obstetric paralysis is a generic term used to describe postpartum locomotor alterations resulting from nerve damage, widely reported in cattle, but rare in equines. The aim of this study is to report a case of a peripheral polyneuropathy in a primiparous mare, 3 years old, of Mangalarga Marchador breed, after a dystocia lasting approximately 12 hours. At the time of delivery, the head of the fetus was exposed in the vulva and there was flexion of the thoracic limbs. These events culminated in a framework of extreme abduction of the pelvic limbs, thus generating functional impotence and leading the animal to adopt a frog anddecubitus position. After three days of treatment with no improvement in the clinical framework, the animal was euthanized. In the postmortem examination, perineural hemorrhagic lesions were observed in the obturator and sciatic nerves, characterizing the diagnosis of obstetric paralysis. It is possible the outcome of the case would have been satisfactory if there had been an early fetotomy or postpartum treatment had been more prolonged; however, these measures depend on the availability of equipment, conditions of care, and consideration of the owner.
Keywords: Dystocia; Equine; Neuropathy; Obturator; Sciatic.
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