This studystudy focuses on the effect of radiation treatment and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the toxicity of anticancer methotrexate. For cytotoxicity, different bioassays such as Allium cepa, hemolytic, brine shrimp were employed. The Ames test was used for mutagenicity analysis. The solutions having concentrations 5, 10 and 15 ppm were irradiated with UV radiation exposure time 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min and gamma radiation absorbed doses 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 2, 3 and 4 kGy in combination with with H2O2. There was a clear difference observed for aqueous solution before and after treatment with reference to cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. In Allium cepa test, a 47.07, 44.36 and 38.23% increase in root length (RL), root count (RC) and mitotic index (MI) was observed, respectively, for UV/H2O2 treatment and in the case of gamma/H2O2 treatment, the RL, RC and MI were increased up to 49.39, 52.63 and 52.38%, respectively. Brine shrimp test has shown 85.95 and 91.30% decrease in toxicity using UV/H2O2 and gamma/H2O2 respectively, while hemolytic test has shown 19.21 and 26.32% hemolysis using UV/H2O2 and gamma/H2O2, respectively. The mutagenicity reduced up to 82.3, 86.46 and 89.59% (TA98) and 85.42, 87.5 and 90.63% (TA100) for UV/H2O2 while 89.59, 90.63 and 93.75% (TA98) and 84.38, 89.59 and 92.71% (TA100) for gamma/H2O2. The UV and gamma radiation along with H2O2 based AOPs are promising approaches to detoxify the wastewater which can be extended to real hospital liquid effluent effectively.
Keywords: Bioassays; Gamma radiation; Methotrexate; Radiation efficiency; UV radiation.
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