Emerging Roles of the Unique Molecular Chaperone Cosmc in the Regulation of Health and Disease

Ting Xiang; Muchuan Qiao; Jiangbo Xie; Zheng Li; Hailong Xie

doi:10.3390/biom12121732

Emerging Roles of the Unique Molecular Chaperone Cosmc in the Regulation of Health and Disease

Biomolecules. 2022 Nov 23;12(12):1732. doi: 10.3390/biom12121732.

Authors

Ting Xiang¹, Muchuan Qiao¹, Jiangbo Xie², Zheng Li³, Hailong Xie¹

Affiliations

¹ Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Heng yang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China.
² The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, China.
³ Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.

Abstract

The core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase-specific chaperone 1 (Cosmc) is a unique molecular chaperone of core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase(C1GALT1), which typically functions inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Cosmc helps C1GALT1 to fold correctly and maintain activity. It also participates in the synthesis of the T antigen, O-glycan, together with C1GALT1. Cosmc is a multifaceted molecule with a wide range of roles and functions. It involves platelet production and the regulation of immune cell function. Besides that, the loss of function of Cosmc also facilitates the development of several diseases, such as inflammation diseases, immune-mediated diseases, and cancer. It suggests that Cosmc is a critical control point in diseases and that it should be regarded as a potential target for oncotherapy. It is essential to fully comprehend Cosmc's roles, as they may provide critical information about its involvement in disease development and pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the role of Cosmc in normal development and diseases.

Keywords: C1GALT1; Cosmc; O-glycosylation; Tn antigen; chaperonin.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Disease*
Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
Glycosylation
Humans
Molecular Chaperones* / metabolism

Substances

Molecular Chaperones
C1GALT1C1 protein, human

Grants and funding

This work was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (grant number 2022JJ30511, grant number 2022JJ70116, grant number 2019JJ80022) to Hailong Xie.