Influence of hybrid SiO₂ and CeO₂ nanoparticles on diesel engine emission operated with distilled tire oil blend

The objective of this research is to reduce the emission and improve the performance of diesel engine when they operate with distilled tire pyrolysis oil blends (DTPO30). Utilization of tire oil on diesel engine has been an active research field for the last two decades. But, it is still challengeable due to their high emissions. To overcome this, the present study has been attempted to analyze the influence of hybrid silicon oxide (SiO₂) and cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles in tire oil blends. The SiO₂ and CeO₂ are considered in hybrid nature with proportions of 20 mg/L (sum 40 mg/L), 50 mg/L, and 70 mg/L each. The nanoparticles mixed fuel blends were prepared using an ultrasonication technique. The experiments were conducted with a water-cooled engine with a constant speed of 1500 rpm, a compression ratio of 17.5, and an injection timing of 23° BTDC. The FTIR spectra indicated that all the samples were identified with alkanes and alkenes like diesel. But, DTPO30 + 70 found with many peaks in bending mode, which indicates the changes in chemical functional groups. From the engine testing, the brake thermal efficiency was improved by about 2% and brake specific fuel consumption was reduced up to 0.03 kg/kW h with DTPO30 + 70 (SiO₂ + CeO₂) than DTPO30. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate were reduced with hybrid nanoparticles blended fuel than with that of individually mixed fuel. Also, the emissions such as NOx, CO, UBHC, and soot were reduced with hybrid nanoparticles, up to 4.8%, 13.5%, 27%, and 10% respectively. The hybrid nature of SiO₂ + CeO₂ has the potential to adhere to the soot particles around their surface which leads to reducing the duration of suspension in the atmosphere.