Genetic Analysis in Grain Legumes [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield Improvement and Identifying Heterotic Hybrids

Md Golam Azam; Umakanta Sarker; Md Amir Hossain; Md Shahin Iqbal; Md Rafiqul Islam; Md Faruk Hossain; Sezai Ercisli; Raziye Kul; Amine Assouguem; Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail; Hanan R H Mohamed; Ilaria Peluso

doi:10.3390/plants11131774

Genetic Analysis in Grain Legumes [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield Improvement and Identifying Heterotic Hybrids

Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 4;11(13):1774. doi: 10.3390/plants11131774.

Authors

Md Golam Azam^{1

2}, Umakanta Sarker³, Md Amir Hossain², Md Shahin Iqbal^{1

4}, Md Rafiqul Islam⁵, Md Faruk Hossain⁵, Sezai Ercisli⁶, Raziye Kul⁶, Amine Assouguem⁷, Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail⁸, Hanan R H Mohamed⁹, Ilaria Peluso¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Pulses Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna 6620, Bangladesh.
² Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
³ Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
⁴ School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
⁵ Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna 6620, Bangladesh.
⁶ Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
⁷ Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imouzzer, Fez P.O. Box 2202, Morocco.
⁸ Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
¹⁰ Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN), 00178 Rome, Italy.

Abstract

Six mungbean parental lines and their fifteen F₁s produced from half-diallel mating design were investigated for combining ability and heterosis in terms of a yield and its components. Results showed highly significant variations among the parents and F₁s, suggesting a wide genetic variability for the studied characters. Analysis of variance indicated that genotypes mean square values, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) for all measured traits except for days to flowering, days to maturity, and pod length indicating genetic diversity of parents and both additive and non-additive gene effects in the inheritance of the measured traits. A higher effect of SCA than GCA for plant height and seeds per pod suggests the preponderance of non-additive gene effects in the expression of characters. Based on per se performance and GCA, BARI Mung-1, PS-7, and BMXK1-14004 were the best general combiners for yield per plant. In the context of SCA, hybrids BMXK1-14004 × Sonali mung, BMXK1-14004 × PS-7, BMXK1-14004 × BINA Mung-8, Sukumar × PS-7, and BARI Mung-1 × BINA Mung-8 were good specific combiners. BMXK1-14004 × Sonali mung and BMXK1-14004 × PS-7 were the best heterotic hybrids for yield and yield-contributing traits. These parents and crosses could be utilized for further use in breeding programs to improve yields in mungbean crops.

Keywords: GCA; SCA; half-diallel; heterosis; mungbean; yield and yield-related traits.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R93), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.