STIP1/HOP Regulates the Actin Cytoskeleton through Interactions with Actin and Changes in Actin-Binding Proteins Cofilin and Profilin

Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 30;21(9):3152. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093152.

Abstract

Cell migration plays a vital role in both health and disease. It is driven by reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, which is regulated by actin-binding proteins cofilin and profilin. Stress-inducible phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) is a well-described co-chaperone of the Hsp90 chaperone system, and our findings identify a potential regulatory role of STIP1 in actin dynamics. We show that STIP1 can be isolated in complex with actin and Hsp90 from HEK293T cells and directly interacts with actin in vitro via the C-terminal TPR2AB-DP2 domain of STIP1, potentially due to a region spanning two putative actin-binding motifs. We found that STIP1 could stimulate the in vitro ATPase activity of actin, suggesting a potential role in the modulation of F-actin formation. Interestingly, while STIP1 depletion in HEK293T cells had no major effect on total actin levels, it led to increased nuclear accumulation of actin, disorganization of F-actin structures, and an increase and decrease in cofilin and profilin levels, respectively. This study suggests that STIP1 regulates the cytoskeleton by interacting with actin, or via regulating the ratio of proteins known to affect actin dynamics.

Keywords: ATPase activity; HOP; STI1; STIP1; actin; cofilin; profilin.

MeSH terms

  • Actin Cytoskeleton / chemistry
  • Actin Cytoskeleton / metabolism*
  • Actin Depolymerizing Factors / metabolism*
  • Actins / chemistry
  • Actins / metabolism*
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / chemistry
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Microfilament Proteins / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Chaperones / chemistry
  • Molecular Chaperones / metabolism
  • Profilins / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Actin Depolymerizing Factors
  • Actins
  • DNAJC7 protein, human
  • Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Profilins
  • STIP1 protein, human