Factors influencing medical expenditures in patients with unresolved facial palsy and pharmacoeconomic analysis of upper eyelid lid loading with gold and platinum weights compared to tarsorrhaphy

Izabela Nowak-Gospodarowicz; Marcin Gospodarowicz; Marek Rękas

doi:10.1186/s13561-024-00506-6

Factors influencing medical expenditures in patients with unresolved facial palsy and pharmacoeconomic analysis of upper eyelid lid loading with gold and platinum weights compared to tarsorrhaphy

Health Econ Rev. 2024 Apr 27;14(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s13561-024-00506-6.

Authors

Izabela Nowak-Gospodarowicz¹, Marcin Gospodarowicz², Marek Rękas³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, 128 Szaserow St, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland. inowak-gospodarowicz@wim.mil.pl.
² Institute of Banking, Warsaw School of Economics, Niepodległości 162, 02-554, Warsaw, Poland.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, 128 Szaserow St, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.

Abstract

There are no standards in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to eye care in incomplete eyelid closure due to unresolved facial palsy (FP). Loading of the upper eyelid (UELL) with gold weights (GWs) or platinum chains (PCs) is a highly effective procedure for the correction of lagophthalmos. Despite this, the procedure is used infrequently in our country because of the relatively high price of the implant and the lack of reimbursement. The aim of this research was to assess the factors influencing medical expenditures in this group of patients and to analyze utility costs for the UELL procedure with the use of GW and PC compared to tarsorrhaphy.Material and methods The costs of 88 surgical procedures (40 GWs, 11 PCs and 37 tarsorrhaphies) and medical expenditures before and after surgery were calculated based on reporting of materials, staff salaries and the SF-36 questionnaire. Distribution quartiles of the cost per QALY measure (dependent variable) was assessed via an ordered logistic regression model with eight explanatory variables.Results The calculated total cost of the surgery was US$209 for tarsorrhaphy, US$758 for UELL with a GW and US$1,676 for UELL with a PC. Bootstrapped costs per QALY values (CUI) in 88% of cases were below the US$100,000 cutoff. Etiology and duration of facial palsy and presence of Bell's phenomenon were factors that significantly influenced the CUI. Patient gender and age, history of previous eyelid surgery, and presence of corneal sensation were found to be not significant (p > 0.1). Calculated ICER for GW was US$1,241.74/1QALY and ICER for PC was US$13,181.05/1QALY compared to tarsorrhaphy.Conclusions Eye protection in patients with FP should be a crucial element of health policy. Findings suggest UELL procedure with a GW or a PC to be a cost-effective procedure with GW being the most cost-effective.

Keywords: Cost utility analysis (CUA); Exposure keratopathy; Facial palsy; Gold weights; Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER); Medical expenditures; Pharmacoeconomics; Platinum chains; Tarsorrhaphy.