Evolution and Expression Divergence of the CYP78A Subfamily Genes in Soybean

Ai-Hua Dai; Su-Xin Yang; Huang-Kai Zhou; Kuan-Qiang Tang; Guang Li; Jian-Tian Leng; Hui Yu; Yao-Hua Zhang; Jin-Shan Gao; Xia Yang; Yin-Jie Guo; Ning Jiang; Xian-Zhong Feng

doi:10.3390/genes9120611

Evolution and Expression Divergence of the CYP78A Subfamily Genes in Soybean

Genes (Basel). 2018 Dec 7;9(12):611. doi: 10.3390/genes9120611.

Authors

Ai-Hua Dai^{1

2}, Su-Xin Yang³, Huang-Kai Zhou⁴, Kuan-Qiang Tang⁵, Guang Li⁶, Jian-Tian Leng⁷, Hui Yu⁸, Yao-Hua Zhang⁹, Jin-Shan Gao¹⁰, Xia Yang¹¹, Yin-Jie Guo¹², Ning Jiang¹³, Xian-Zhong Feng¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. boxdah@126.com.
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. boxdah@126.com.
³ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. yangsuxin@iga.ac.cn.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. hkzhou@genedenovo.com.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. tangkuanqiang@126.com.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. liguang@iga.ac.cn.
⁷ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. lengjiantian@iga.ac.cn.
⁸ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. yuhui@iga.ac.cn.
⁹ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. zhangyaohua@iga.ac.cn.
¹⁰ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. gaojinshan@iga.ac.cn.
¹¹ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. xyang@genetics.ac.cn.
¹² Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. guoyinjie15@mails.ucas.ac.cn.
¹³ Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. jiangn@msu.edu.
¹⁴ Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China. fengxianzhong@iga.ac.cn.

Abstract

Gene expression divergence is an important evolutionary driving force for the retention of duplicate genes. In this study, we identified three CYP78A subfamily genes in soybean, GmCYP78A70, GmCYP78A57 and GmCYP78A72, which experienced different duplication events. GmCYP78A70 was mainly expressed in leaf tissue and the vegetative phase, whereas GmCYP78A57 was mainly expressed in floral tissue and seed, i.e., the reproductive phase. Expression of GmCYP78A72 could be detected in all the tissues and phases mentioned above. The expression levels of GmCYP78A70 and GmCYP78A57 in different soybean cultivars showed positive correlations with leaf size and 100-seed weight, respectively. The population genetics analysis indicated that the three genes had experienced different selective pressures during domestication and improved breeding of soybean. Deciphering the function of this subfamily of genes may well prove useful to breeders for improving soybean's agronomic traits.

Keywords: GmCYP78As; duplicate genes; evolution; leaf size; seed size; soybean.

Grants and funding

Grant nos. 31571692 and 31471743/National Natural Science Foundation of China