Allium subhirsutum L. as a Potential Source of Antioxidant and Anticancer Bioactive Molecules: HR-LCMS Phytochemical Profiling, In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacological Study

Riadh Badraoui; Tarek Rebai; Salem Elkahoui; Mousa Alreshidi; Vajid N Veettil; Emira Noumi; Khaled A Al-Motair; Kaïss Aouadi; Adel Kadri; Vincenzo De Feo; Mejdi Snoussi

doi:10.3390/antiox9101003

Allium subhirsutum L. as a Potential Source of Antioxidant and Anticancer Bioactive Molecules: HR-LCMS Phytochemical Profiling, In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacological Study

Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Oct 16;9(10):1003. doi: 10.3390/antiox9101003.

Authors

Riadh Badraoui^{1

2

3}, Tarek Rebai³, Salem Elkahoui^{1

4}, Mousa Alreshidi¹, Vajid N Veettil¹, Emira Noumi^{1

5}, Khaled A Al-Motair⁶, Kaïss Aouadi^{7

8}, Adel Kadri^{9

10}, Vincenzo De Feo¹¹, Mejdi Snoussi^{1

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il 81451, Saudi Arabia.
² Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 La Rabta, Road Djebal Lakhdhar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia.
³ Department of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetics, Medicine Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Road of Majida Boulia, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
⁴ Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia.
⁵ Laboratory of Bioressources: Integrative Biology & Recovery, High Institute of Biotechnology-University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
⁶ Molecular Diagnostic and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81451, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia.
⁹ Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1117, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
¹¹ Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy.
¹² Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources, High Institute of Biotechnology-University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.

Abstract

This study investigated Allium subhirsutum L. (AS) anticancer and antioxidant effects and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in a murine model of skeletal metastases due to inoculation of Walker 256/B cells. Phytochemical composition of AS extract (ASE) was studied by High Resolution-Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (HR-LCMS). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) were determined. In vitro, the antioxidant properties were evaluated by reducing power and antiradical activity against DPPH. Cancer cells' proliferation, apoptosis, metastatic development and angiogenesis were evaluated using Walker 256/B and MatLyLu cells. The p-coumaric acid was the major phenolic acid (1700 µg/g extract). ASE showed high levels of TPC and TFC and proved potent antioxidant effects. ASE inhibited Walker 256/B and MatLyLu cells' proliferation (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration: IC₅₀ ≃ 150 µg/mL) and induced apoptosis. In silico and in vivo assays confirmed these findings. ASE effectively acts as a chemo-preventive compound, induces apoptosis and attenuates angiogenesis and osteolytic metastases due to Walker 256/B malignant cells.

Keywords: Allium subhirsutum; angiogenesis; anticancer; antioxidant; apoptosis; bone metastases; cell proliferation; phytochemistry.

Grants and funding

191311/Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il - Saudi Arabia