The use of drones for the delivery of diagnostic test kits and medical supplies to remote First Nations communities during Covid-19

Am J Infect Control. 2022 Aug;50(8):849-856. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.03.004.

Abstract

Background: Health care inequity in remote and rural Indigenous communities often involves difficulty accessing health care services and supplies. Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems, or drones, offer a potentially cost-effective method for reducing inequity by removing geographic barriers, increasing timeliness, and improving accessibility of supplies, equipment, and remote care.

Methods: We assessed the feasibility of drones for delivery of supplies, medical equipment, and medical treatment across multiple platforms, including drone fleet development and testing; payload system integration (custom fixed-mount, winch, and parachute); and medical delivery simulations (COVID-19 test kit delivery and return, delivery of personal protective equipment, and remote ultrasound delivery and testing).

Results: Drone operational development has led to a finalized, scalable fleet of small to large drones with functional standard operating procedures across a range of scenarios, and custom payload systems including a fixed-mount, winch-based and parachute-based system. Simulation scenarios were successful, with COVID-19 test swabs returned to the lab with no signal degradation and a remote ultrasound successfully delivered and remotely guided in the field.

Discussion/conclusions: Drone-based medical delivery models offer an innovative approach to addressing longstanding issues of health care access and equity and are particularly relevant in the context of SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: Drones; Health care access; Remote ultrasound; Remotely piloted aircraft systems; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aircraft
  • COVID-19 Testing
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Unmanned Aerial Devices

Substances

  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic