Mass migration from Venezuela has increased malaria resurgence risk across South America. During 2018, migrants from Venezuela constituted 96% of imported malaria cases along the Ecuador-Peru border. Plasmodium vivax predominated (96%). Autochthonous malaria cases emerged in areas previously malaria-free. Heightened malaria control and a response to this humanitarian crisis are imperative.
Keywords: Ecuador; Peru; Plasmodium spp; Venezuela; elimination; malaria; migration; mosquitoes; parasites; political instability; surveillance; vector-borne infections.