Influence of TiO₂ Nanoparticles on the Resistance of Cementitious Composite Materials to the Action of Bacteria

The formation of biofilms on cementitious building surfaces can cause visible discoloration and premature deterioration, and it can also represent a potential health threat to building occupants. The use of embedded biofilm-resistant photoactivated TiO₂ nanoparticles at low concentrations in the cementitious composite matrix is an effective method to increase material durability and reduce maintenance costs. Zone of inhibition studies of TiO₂-infused cementitious samples showed efficacy toward both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.