Effects of the Bark Resin Extract of Garcinia nigrolineata on Chronic Stress-Induced Memory Deficit in Mice Model and the In Vitro Monoamine Oxidases and β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitory Activities of Its Prenylated Xanthone Constituents

Molecules. 2022 May 7;27(9):3014. doi: 10.3390/molecules27093014.

Abstract

The present study describes investigation of the effects of the bark resin extract of Garcinia nigrolineata (Clusiaceae) on the cognitive function and the induction of oxidative stress in both frontal cortex and hippocampus by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). By using behavioral mouse models, i.e., the Y-maze test, the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), and the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT), it was found that the negative impact of repeated mild stress-induced learning and memory deficit through brain oxidative stress in the UCMS mice was reversed by treatment with the bark resin extract G. nigrolineata. Moreover, the prenylated xanthones viz. cowagarcinone C, cowaxanthone, α-mangostin, cowaxanthone B, cowanin, fuscaxanthone A, fuscaxanthone B, xanthochymusxanthones A, 7-O-methylgarcinone E, and cowagarcinone A, isolated from the bark resin of G. nigrolineata, were assayed for their inhibitory activities against β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAOs).

Keywords: Garcinia nigrolineata; memory deficit; monoamine oxidases; prenylated xanthones; unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS); β-amyloid aggregation.

MeSH terms

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Garcinia*
  • Memory Disorders / drug therapy
  • Memory Disorders / etiology
  • Mice
  • Monoamine Oxidase
  • Plant Bark
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Resins, Plant
  • Xanthones* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Plant Extracts
  • Resins, Plant
  • Xanthones
  • Monoamine Oxidase