Dramatic Influence of Ionic Liquid and Ultrasound Irradiation on the Electrophilic Sulfinylation of Aromatic Compounds by Sulfinic Esters

Molecules. 2017 Sep 4;22(9):1458. doi: 10.3390/molecules22091458.

Abstract

The sulfinylation reaction of aromatic and hetero-aromatic compounds with sulfinic esters as electrophiles has been investigated in different ionic liquids and by means of different Lewis acid salts in order to get moderate to good yields of asymmetrical sulfoxides. Mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and aluminum chloride were found to be the most efficient and recyclable reaction framework. Ultrasound sonication appeared to be the most useful and green activation method to afford the sulfoxides in yields better than or equivalent to those obtained under the longer-lasting conventional stirring conditions.

Keywords: Friedel-Crafts sulfinylation; chloroaluminate-based ionic liquid; sulfinic ester; synthesis of sulfoxide; ultrasound irradiation.

MeSH terms

  • Aluminum Chloride
  • Aluminum Compounds / chemistry
  • Chlorides / chemistry
  • Esters / chemistry
  • Green Chemistry Technology
  • Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / chemistry*
  • Imidazoles / chemistry
  • Ionic Liquids / chemistry*
  • Lewis Acids / chemistry
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Salts / chemistry
  • Sonication
  • Sulfinic Acids / chemistry*
  • Ultrasonic Waves

Substances

  • Aluminum Compounds
  • Chlorides
  • Esters
  • Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
  • Imidazoles
  • Ionic Liquids
  • Lewis Acids
  • Salts
  • Sulfinic Acids
  • Aluminum Chloride
  • 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride