Purpose: To report a case of macular hole (MH) secondary to a retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAMA) which was successfully treated with an autologous transplantation of internal limiting membrane (ILM).
Case report: An 87-year-old female presented with a sudden decrease in central vision in the right eye. A fundus examination revealed a RAMA in the superonasal macular region, a subretinal hemorrhage (SRH), involving the macula, and a sub-ILM hemorrhage. A pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was performed. Intraoperatively, an MH filled with coagulum was detected. We tried to blow off and drain the SRH with a current of BSS and a gentle suction with a 27-gauge vitreous cutter from the MH, but some amount of SRH at the bottom of the MH remained. The ILM was peeled off for 2 disc diameters around the MH. The vitreous cavity was filled with air at the end of the operation. Two weeks after the surgery, the MH was not closed. One month following the initial PPV, a second PPV was performed to achieve closure of the MH.
Results: An autologous transplantation of ILM was performed as second PPV. Six months after the final surgery, the MH was successfully closed and the best-corrected decimal visual acuity was 0.6.
Conclusions: Autologous ILM transplantation can be an effective treatment option for MH closure following RAMA rupture.
Keywords: Autologous transplantation of the internal limiting membrane; Inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique; Macular hole; Refractory macular hole; Retinal arterial macroaneurysm.