A new hangingfly species, Bittacus rafaeli sp. nov. (Mecoptera: Bittacidae), is herein described and illustrated, based on two specimens from the municipality of El Doncello, Caquetá, Colombia. This is only the ninth Mecoptera species recorded from the country and the twenty-eighth species of Bittacus from South America. A distribution map of the Bittacus species from Colombia is presented.