Reynolds nano fluid model for Casson fluid flow conveying exponential nanoparticles through a slandering sheet

Sohail Nadeem; Bushra Ishtiaq; Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida; Shahah Almutairi; Hassan Ali Ghazwani; Sayed M Eldin; A S Al-Shafay

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28515-1

Reynolds nano fluid model for Casson fluid flow conveying exponential nanoparticles through a slandering sheet

Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 2;13(1):1953. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28515-1.

Authors

Sohail Nadeem^{1

2}, Bushra Ishtiaq³, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida^{4

5

6}, Shahah Almutairi⁷, Hassan Ali Ghazwani⁸, Sayed M Eldin⁹, A S Al-Shafay¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan. sohail@qau.edu.pk.
² Department of Mathematics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China. sohail@qau.edu.pk.
³ Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Research Laboratory of Ionized Backgrounds and Reagents Studies (EMIR), Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir (IPEIM), University of Monastir, Monastir City, Tunisia.
⁶ Department of Physics, Higher School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam Sousse (ESSTHS), University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
⁷ Mathematics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, 1321, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O box 45124, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
¹⁰ Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Nanofluids with their augmented thermal characteristics exhibit numerous implementations in engineering and industrial fields such as heat exchangers, microelectronics, chiller, pharmaceutical procedures, etc. Due to such properties of nanofluids, a mathematical model of non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid is analyzed in this current study to explore the steady flow mechanism with the contribution of water-based Aluminum oxide nanoparticles. A stretchable surface incorporating variable thickness is considered to be the source of the concerning fluid flow in two-dimension. An exponential viscosity of the nanofluid is proposed to observe the fluid flow phenomenon. Different models of viscosity including Brinkman and Einstein are also incorporated in the flow analysis and compared with the present exponential model. The physical flow problem is organized in the boundary layer equations which are further tackled by the execution of the relevant similarity transformations and appear in the form of ordinary nonlinear differential equations. The different three models of nanofluid viscosity exhibit strong graphical and tabulated relations with each other relative to the various aspects of the flow problem. In all concerned models of the viscosity, the deteriorating nature of the velocity field corresponding to the Casson fluid and surface thickness parameters is observed.