Periosteum-derived skeletal stem cells encapsulated in platelet-rich plasma enhance the repair of bone defect

Haibo Dai; Haici Zhang; Zhilong Qiu; Qiang Shi

doi:10.1016/j.tice.2023.102144

Periosteum-derived skeletal stem cells encapsulated in platelet-rich plasma enhance the repair of bone defect

Tissue Cell. 2023 Aug:83:102144. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102144. Epub 2023 Jun 20.

Authors

Haibo Dai¹, Haici Zhang¹, Zhilong Qiu¹, Qiang Shi²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics (Second ward), Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411199, China; Xiangtan Clinical College, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Xiangtan 411199, China.
² Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410018, China; Clinical College of Changsha Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha 410018, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China. Electronic address: shiqiang542@126.com.

PMID: 37354707
DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102144

Abstract

Background: Spontaneous restoration of large bone defects remains a challenge under infections, tumors, and crushing conditions. Current stem cell-based therapies for treating bone defects need improvement, because the used stem cells are isolated by a traditional protocol, which is based on their properties of in-vitro plastic adherence and fibroblastic colony formation. The stem cells isolated by the traditional protocol belong to a multicellular type mixture, individual cells vary in proliferative and osteogenic potential. Thus, developing a protocol capable of isolating stem cell subset with higher purity is required and urgent.

Aim: This study aimed to sort a subpopulation of stem cells from periosteum using flow cytometry (named as FC-PSCs), and evaluate the proliferative and osteogenic capacity of FC-PSCs in-vitro, and then establish a new stem cell-based therapies for treating bone defects by delivering the FC-PSCs within platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Methods: Mouse periosteum was used to sort FC-PSCs using flow cytometry with CD45-TER119-TIE2-ITGAV+CD90 + 6C3-CD105- markers, or isolate periosteum-derived stem cells with the traditional protocol (TP-PSCs) as control. After evaluating the FC-PSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in-vitro as well as the promotive efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on FC-PSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, the FC-PSCs were delivered into the femoral epiphysis bone defect site of a mouse model by platelet-rich plasma (PRP). At postoperative 14 or 28 days, these mice were euthanized for harvest the femur specimens for micro-CT, histological evaluation.

Results: In-vitro results determined that the FC-PSCs showed more capacity for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation compared with the TP-PSCs. In addition, in-vitro results showed the promotive efficacy of PRP on FC-PSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In-vivo results showed that the FC-PSCs delivered by PRP was able to facilitate the repair of bone defects by stimulating new bone formation and remodeling.

Conclusion: FC-PSCs delivered by PRP enhance the repair of bone defects by stimulating new bone formation and remodeling.

Keywords: Bone defect; Periosteum; Platelet-rich plasma; Skeletal stem cells.

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Regeneration
Cell Differentiation
Cell Proliferation
Mesenchymal Stem Cells*
Mice
Osteogenesis
Periosteum
Platelet-Rich Plasma*
Stem Cells