Bottom-water conditions in a marine basin after the Cretaceous-Paleogene impact event: timing the recovery of oxygen levels and productivity

PLoS One. 2013 Dec 13;8(12):e82242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082242. eCollection 2013.

Abstract

An ultra-high-resolution analysis of major and trace element contents from the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary interval in the Caravaca section, southeast Spain, reveals a quick recovery of depositional conditions after the impact event. Enrichment/depletion profiles of redox sensitive elements indicate significant geochemical anomalies just within the boundary ejecta layer, supporting an instantaneous recovery--some 10(2) years--of pre-impact conditions in terms of oxygenation. Geochemical redox proxies point to oxygen levels comparable to those at the end of the Cretaceous shortly after impact, which is further evidenced by the contemporary macrobenthic colonization of opportunistic tracemakers. Recovery of the oxygen conditions was therefore several orders shorter than traditional proposals (10(4)-10(5) years), suggesting a probable rapid recovery of deep-sea ecosystems at bottom and in intermediate waters.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Ecosystem*
  • Extinction, Biological*
  • Geologic Sediments
  • Metals, Rare Earth
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxygen / analysis*
  • Seawater*
  • Spain
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Metals, Rare Earth
  • Oxygen

Grants and funding

This research was supported by Projects CGL2009-07603, CGL2008-03007, CGL2012-33281 and CGL2012-32659 (Secretaría de Estado de I+D+I, Spain), Projects RNM-3715 and RNM 05212, and Research Groups RNM-178 and 0179 (Junta de Andalucía). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.