Liposomes containing biosurfactants isolated from Lactobacillus gasseri exert antibiofilm activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains

Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2019 Jun:139:246-252. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.04.011. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is the major causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections, whose prevention and treatment have become more difficult due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. In this regard, the development of an effective treatment represents a challenge that can be overcome by delivering new antibiofilm agents with appropriate nanocarriers. In this study, a biosurfactant (BS) isolated from Lactobacillus gasseri BC9 and subsequently loaded in liposomes (LP), was evaluated for its ability to prevent the development and to eradicate the biofilm of different methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. BS from L. gasseri BC9 was not cytotoxic and was able to prevent formation and to eradicate the biofilm of different MRSA strains. BS loaded liposomes (BS-LP) presented a mean diameter (lower than 200 nm) suitable for topical administration and a low polydispersity index (lower than 0.2) that were maintained over time for up 28 days. Notably, BS-LP showed higher ability than free BS to inhibit S. aureus biofilm formation and eradication. BS-LP were loaded in lyophilized matrices able to quickly dissolve (dissolution time lower than 5 s) upon contact with exudate, thus allowing vesicle reconstitution. In conclusion, in this work, we demonstrated the antibiofilm activity of Lactobacillus-derived BS and BS-LP against clinically relevant MRSA strains. Furthermore, the affordable production of lyophilized matrices containing BS-LP for local prevention of cutaneous infections was established.

Keywords: Biofilm; Cutaneous infections; Fast dissolving solid matrices; Lactobacilli biosurfactants; Liposomes; Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / isolation & purification
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Biological Products / administration & dosage*
  • Biological Products / isolation & purification
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Humans
  • Lactobacillus gasseri*
  • Liposomes
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Staphylococcal Skin Infections / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Skin Infections / microbiology
  • Surface-Active Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Surface-Active Agents / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Biological Products
  • Liposomes
  • Surface-Active Agents