Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) influence on walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment decline: mtDNA evidence supporting the predation hypothesis

J Fish Biol. 2023 Dec;103(6):1543-1548. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15523. Epub 2023 Aug 31.

Abstract

Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) have been introduced widely but are associated with declines in walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment. A primary hypothesis for these declines is that O. mordax consume larval S. vitreus. We confirmed overlapping spatial-temporal distributions of larval S. vitreus and O. mordax in our study system and used mtDNA analyses to determine if O. mordax stomach contents contained S. vitreus. Approximately 20% of O. mordax composite stomach samples were considered positive for S. vitreus consumption. These findings support the predation hypothesis and have S. vitreus management/stocking implications.

Keywords: genetic techniques; larval; predation; sport fish; stomach contents.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • DNA, Mitochondrial / genetics
  • Larva / genetics
  • Osmeriformes*
  • Perches*
  • Predatory Behavior

Substances

  • DNA, Mitochondrial