Copper Sulfide and Graphite Felt Composites as Promising Electrode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

The most prominent and widely used electrical energy storage devices are lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which in recent years have become costly and deficient. Consequently, new energy storage devices must be introduced into the current market. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are starting to emerge as a promising solution because of sodium's abundance and low cost. To offer these batteries into the current market, their properties must match surpass those of LIB predecessors, necessitating the need for research in this field. In this research work, three methods of graphite felt (GF) and copper sulfide (Cu_xS) composite preparation using a hydrothermal approach have been explored and compared. The obtained samples exhibited different morphologies and thermal properties when different hydrothermal composite preparation methods were used. The areal charge capacitance values of these samples differed from 8.81 to 13.65 mF/cm², and the areal discharge capacitance values differed from 10.06 to 13.65 mF/cm². Notably, these achieved values are higher than those of the Cu_xS and GF single substances.