[Impact of mitral annuloplasty combined with surgical revascularization in ischemic mitral regurgitation]

Introduction: Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation (IMR) is a serious complication of coronary artery disease and is associated with a poor prognosis. The optimal surgical treatment of IMR involves controversies in its indications and modalities.

Objectives: To determine whether mitral annuloplasty associated with surgical revascularization improved short and mid terms outcomes compared with revascularization alone in patients with IMR.

Methods: Between January 2007 and January 2011, 81 patients operated on Department of Cardiovascular Surgery "B" were included in this study divided into 3 groups. Group 1: 28 patients with IMR had mitral valve surgery associated with surgical revascularization. Group 2: 26 patients with IMR had surgical revascularization without mitral valve surgery. Group 3: 27 patients without IMR had isolated revascularization. Clinical end-points were operative mortality, late mortality, postoperative functional status (NYHA), and the Effective Regurgitant Orifice (ERO) at last follow-up. The mean follow-up was 5 years for groups 1 and 2 and 4 years for group 3.

Results: There was no difference between the 3 groups regarding age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and extension of coronary artery disease. The Left Ventricle End Diastolic Diameter (LVEDD) and the Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction (LVEF) were slightly different. Late and operative mortality were higher in group 2 compared to groups 1 and 3. Postoperative functional status (NYHA) improved both in groups 1 and 2. In group 1, there was a decrease in ERO.

Conclusion: Mitral annuloplasty combined to revascularization improves symptoms, postoperative ERO and short- and mid-term survival compared with revascularization alone.