Pediococcus pentosaceus PR-1 modulates high-fat-died-induced alterations in gut microbiota, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in zebrafish

Yue Liu; Danxu Zhu; Jiwen Liu; Xiaoxia Sun; Feng Gao; Huiping Duan; Lina Dong; Xin Wang; Changxin Wu

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1087703

Pediococcus pentosaceus PR-1 modulates high-fat-died-induced alterations in gut microbiota, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in zebrafish

Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 1:10:1087703. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1087703. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yue Liu^{1

2}, Danxu Zhu^{1

2}, Jiwen Liu^{1

2}, Xiaoxia Sun^{1

2}, Feng Gao^{1

2}, Huiping Duan³, Lina Dong⁴, Xin Wang⁵, Changxin Wu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Key Lab of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
² The Provincial Key Laboratories for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases Shanxi, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Fourth People's Hospital of Taiyuan, Taiyuan, China.
⁴ Central Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Food Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a health issue worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of Pediococcus pentococcus PR-1 on the modulating of gut microbiota, inflammation and lipid metabolism in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed zebrafish.

Methods: Adult zebrafish were fed a commercial (C), high fat (H, 25% fat), probiotic (P, 10⁶ CFU/g), or high fat with probiotic (HP) diets twice daily for 5 weeks. Gut microbiota were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Gene expressions of intestinal cytokine, intestinal TJ protein, and liver lipid metabolism were analysed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Biochemical and histological analysis were also performed.

Results and discussion: P. pentosaceus PR-1 reduced body weight and BMI, indicating its anti-obesity effect. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed HFD induced a distinct gut microbiota structure from C group, which was restored by probiotic. P. pentosaceus PR-1 improved gut health by decreasing the abundance of Ralstonia and Aeromonas which were increased induced by HFD. Moreover, probiotic restored abundance of Fusobacteria, Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas, which were decreased in HFD-fed zebrafish. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed probiotic suppressed HFD-induced inflammation by decreasing the expressions of IL-1b and IL-6. Levels of hepatic TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 were reduced by probiotic in HFD-fed zebrafish. Probiotic also ameliorated gut barrier function by increasing the expressions of occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1. Probiotic exerted anti-adipogenic activity through regulating the expressions of SREBP1, FAS and LEPTIN. Levels of hepatic triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein were also reduced by probiotic. Histological analysis showed probiotic alleviated liver steatosis and injury induced by HFD. P. pentosaceus PR-1 might be useful as a dietary health supplement, especially for reducing obesity.

Keywords: gut microbiota; high fat diet; inflammation; probiotic; zebrafish.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (20210302124187) and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (D21004).