Diet and SIRT1 Genotype Interact to Modulate Aging-Related Processes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: From the CORDIOPREV Study

Nutrients. 2022 Sep 14;14(18):3789. doi: 10.3390/nu14183789.

Abstract

We investigated whether long-term consumption of two healthy diets (low-fat (LF) or Mediterranean (Med)) interacts with SIRT1 genotypes to modulate aging-related processes such as leucocyte telomere length (LTL), oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). LTL, inflammation, OxS markers (at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up) and SIRT1-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7069102 and rs1885472) were determined in patients from the CORDIOPREV study. We analyzed the genotype-marker interactions and the effect of diet on these interactions. Regardless of the diet, we observed LTL maintenance in GG-carriers for the rs7069102, in contrast to carriers of the minor C allele, where it decreased after follow-up (p = 0.001). The GG-carriers showed an increase in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio (p = 0.003), lower lipid peroxidation products (LPO) levels (p < 0.001) and a greater decrease in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (p < 0.001) after follow-up. After the LF diet intervention, the GG-carriers showed stabilization in LTL which was significant compared to the C allele subjects (p = 0.037), although the protective effects found for inflammation and OxS markers remained significant after follow-up with the two diets. Patients who are homozygous for the SIRT1-SNP rs7069102 (the most common genotype) may benefit from healthy diets, as suggested by improvements in OxS and inflammation in patients with CHD, which may indicate the slowing-down of the aging process and its related diseases.

Keywords: aging-related processes; coronary heart disease; genetic variants; healthy diets; role of sirtuins.

MeSH terms

  • Aging / genetics
  • Coronary Disease* / genetics
  • Diet, Mediterranean*
  • Genotype
  • Glutathione Disulfide
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Sirtuin 1 / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics

Substances

  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • SIRT1 protein, human
  • Sirtuin 1
  • Glutathione Disulfide