Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and pulmonary function, among Korean adults, during 2010-2014, by sex, age, and body mass index

Respir Med. 2018 Jul:140:32-38. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.05.011. Epub 2018 May 14.

Abstract

Background: This study examined the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and pulmonary function, among Korean adults, from 2010 to 2014.

Methods: The data were obtained from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 5), and the first and second year (2013-2014) of KNHANES 6. The study population comprised 14,378 individuals. The variable of interest was serum 25(OH)D, and the dependent variable, pulmonary function.

Results: All people with vitamin D levels below 30 ng/ml had lower lung functions, which was significant in lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (serum 25(OH)D < 10 ng/ml, 20 to <30 ng/ml: P = .001, 10 to <20 ng/ml: P = 0) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (serum 25(OH)D level <10 ng/ml: P = .01, 10 to < 20 ng/ml: P = .001, 20 to <30 ng/ml: P = .008). The lower the serum 25(OH)D, the lower the levels of FEV1 in men and this was significant. (serum 25(OH)D < 10 ng/ml: P = .007, 10 to <20 ng/ml: P = .002, 20 to <30 ng/ml: P = .007). The values of FEV1 and FVC were lower in people aged 50-69 years when vitamin D was lower than 30 ng/ml which were all significant. Among participants with BMI values < 23 kg/m2, lower vitamin D levels were significantly associated with lower pulmonary function.

Conclusions: We found a significant association between serum 25(OH)D and pulmonary function, and this was related to sex, age and body mass index.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Pulmonary function; Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Female
  • Forced Expiratory Volume / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Sex Distribution
  • Smoking / blood
  • Smoking / epidemiology
  • Smoking / physiopathology
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Vital Capacity / physiology*
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / physiopathology*

Substances

  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D