Adding a Piece to the Puzzle? The Allocation of Figurative Language Comprehension into the CHC Model of Cognitive Abilities

Andra Biesok; Matthias Ziegler; Christiane Montag; Ivan Nenchev

doi:10.3390/jintelligence12030029

Adding a Piece to the Puzzle? The Allocation of Figurative Language Comprehension into the CHC Model of Cognitive Abilities

J Intell. 2024 Mar 1;12(3):29. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence12030029.

Authors

Andra Biesok¹, Matthias Ziegler¹, Christiane Montag², Ivan Nenchev²

Affiliations

¹ Psychology Department, Faculty of Life Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
² Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the allocation of figurative language comprehension (FLC) within the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of cognitive abilities, using three newly developed tests: the Reverse Paraphrase Test (RPT), the Literal Paraphrase Test (LPT), and the Proverb Test (PT). The analysis of a sample of 909 participants revealed that the RPT and LPT measured a unidimensional construct of FLC, while the PT was excluded due to insufficient fit. Combining RPT and LPT items, various models were evaluated, with a bifactor S-1 model showing the best fit, indicating the influence of a general factor (representing FLC) and test-specific method factors. The study explored FLC allocation within the CHC model, supporting its consideration as a distinct factor under the g factor. Examining the nomological network, significant correlations emerged between the Intellectual Curiosity and Aesthetic Sensitivity facets of Openness and FLC, which were comparable in size to the relation with general ability. In conclusion, the study enhances the understanding of FLC within the CHC model, advocating its recognition as a distinct factor. Correlations with Openness facets suggest valuable insights into the interplay between cognitive abilities and personality, necessitating further research for a deeper exploration of this relation.

Keywords: CHC model; figurative language comprehension; openness; personality.

Grants and funding

This project was funded by the Land Berlin, Senatskanzlei—Wissenschaft und Forschung. The funding source was not involved in study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing of the report, and in the decision to submit the article for publication.