Dynamic Japanese Sign Language Recognition Throw Hand Pose Estimation Using Effective Feature Extraction and Classification Approach

Japanese Sign Language (JSL) is vital for communication in Japan's deaf and hard-of-hearing community. But probably because of the large number of patterns, 46 types, there is a mixture of static and dynamic, and the dynamic ones have been excluded in most studies. Few researchers have been working to develop a dynamic JSL alphabet, and their performance accuracy is unsatisfactory. We proposed a dynamic JSL recognition system using effective feature extraction and feature selection approaches to overcome the challenges. In the procedure, we follow the hand pose estimation, effective feature extraction, and machine learning techniques. We collected a video dataset capturing JSL gestures through standard RGB cameras and employed MediaPipe for hand pose estimation. Four types of features were proposed. The significance of these features is that the same feature generation method can be used regardless of the number of frames or whether the features are dynamic or static. We employed a Random forest (RF) based feature selection approach to select the potential feature. Finally, we fed the reduced features into the kernels-based Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm classification. Evaluations conducted on our proprietary newly created dynamic Japanese sign language alphabet dataset and LSA64 dynamic dataset yielded recognition accuracies of 97.20% and 98.40%, respectively. This innovative approach not only addresses the complexities of JSL but also holds the potential to bridge communication gaps, offering effective communication for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, and has broader implications for sign language recognition systems globally.