Reduction of blindness in children assumes particular significance since a blind child suffers from more blind-years than a blind adult. Estimates of the number of children blind in India and the causes of blindness are relatively crude as there are little reliable epidemiologic data. As a result of this, there is no organised approach to the control of childhood blindness in India. In order to address this issue, a workshop on childhood blindness was held at the L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad in November 1996. The aim of this workshop was to review available data, consider possible strategies, and make recommendations concerning the control of childhood blindness in India. These recommendations along with background information about childhood blindness are presented in this paper.