The present paper reports data on secular trends in the stature of Brazilian Navy recruits born from 1940 to 1965. The final sample included 3269 individuals aged 18.00-18.99. Statistics performed were: ANOVA (one-way and two-way), Sheffe test, simple linear regression between stature and year of birth, and multiple linear regression adjusting for level of schooling (beta coefficient) and chi-square. Results indicated a progressive growth trend in stature of 0.1 cm/yr. for the country as a whole. The trend was also observed for nearly all regions and two out of three levels of schooling and can be explained by improvement in some of the country's health indicators. One important characteristic was a higher level of schooling observed among Navy recruits, suggesting that these individuals represent a highly select group, and that therefore data on the Navy cannot be applied directly to the Brazilian population as a whole.