A model of neuron R15 in Aplysia was used to study the mechanisms determining the phase-response curve (PRC) of the cell in response to both extrinsic current pulses and modeled synaptic input and to compare entrainment predictions from PRCs with those from actual simulations. Over the range of stimulus parameters studied, the PRCs of the model exhibited minimal dependence upon stimulus amplitude, and a strong dependence upon stimulus duration. State-space analysis of the effect of transient current pulses provided several important insights into the relationship between the PRC and the underlying dynamics of the model, such as a correlation between the prestimulus concentration of Ca2+ and the poststimulus phase of the oscillation. The system nullclines were also found to provide well-defined limits upon the perturbatory extent of a hyperpolarizing input. These results demonstrated that experimentally applied current pulses are sufficient to determine the shape of the PRC in response to a synaptic input, provided that the duration of the current pulse is of a duration similar to that of the evoked synaptic current. Furthermore, we found that predictions of phase-locked 1:m entrainment from PRCs were valid, even when the duration of the periodically applied pulses were a significant portion of the control limit cycle.