Attacks of cerebral spasm occur in 1.5 to 5 per thousand newborn post partum. Basing on the rare Ohtahara's syndrome it is shown that the obstetrician can be exonerated from the suspicion of a trauma occurring during childbirth and causing the spasms, only if a precise and detailed documentation of the entire obstetric procedure is prepared an differentiated neuropaediatric diagnosis is performed.