We performed phacoemulsification and aspiration of the crystalline lens and implanted a silicone intraocular lens in the capsular bag in rabbits. The posterior capsules were then observed under transmission electron microscopy 2 or 4 months after the surgery. Lens epithelial cells proliferated between the posterior capsule and the optic portion of the silicone intraocular lens, accompanied with the accumulation of collagenous extracellular matrix.