Forty-one mothers and twenty-seven fathers agreed to participate in a 6-week, low-cost, multiple-family psychoeducational intervention in Spain. Their knowledge acquisition, subjective distress, annoyance at patient's behavior, perception of social impact of the patient's illness, expectations about patient's recovery, and family burden were measured before and after the intervention and at 9-month follow-up. Ninety-three percent of the fathers and 78% of the mothers attended four or more classes. Although parents acquired a significant amount of knowledge about the illness, no significant score differences were found immediately after the intervention or at follow-up in the other measures. However, significant father-mother differences were revealed. Compared with mothers, fathers were more optimistic throughout the study about the outcome of the illness, became more aware of the social and financial impact of the illness on the family, and reported feeling less annoyed by the patient's behavior at follow-up. The results indicate that low-cost psychoeducational multiple family groups alone do not decrease family distress and burden. These findings also suggest that psychoeducational interventions need to consider differences in gender and family roles and underline the importance of engaging fathers in treatment.