The importance of molecular genetic events in the development of inherited cancers has evolved from the clinical study, molecular and genetic epidemiology and molecular biology of affected families. As our understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis improves, numerous concerns revolving around the potential impact of laboratory-based predictive genetic testing arise. Through mult-disciplinary approaches supported in part by the Human Genome Project and other research efforts, information is being gathered that may lay the foundation for legislative, scientific and clinical guidelines and recommendations throughout the international community.