Allele frequencies for the VNTR locus D1S80 were determined in a Chinese population sample using the polymerase chain reaction and subsequent analysis of the amplified products by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. A total of 18 nominal D1S80 alleles were observed in 105 unrelated Chinese. The data demonstrate that D1S80 is highly polymorphic in Chinese with a heterozygosity of 90.5%. The D1S80 frequency distribution meets Hardy-Weinberg expectations. This D1S80 data can be used in forensic analyses and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a DNA profile in a Chinese population.