The ability to induce a conjunctival antitoxin response by conjunctival or enteric administration of cholera toxin antigen was studied in rats. Repeated enteric immunization caused a vigorous jejunal antitoxin response, but none in the conjunctiva. Enteric immunization did, however, prime for a conjunctival antitoxin response to locally applied antigen, as did direct ocular administration of cholera toxin. Vigorous conjunctival antitoxin responses occurred only after ocular challenge, and were localized to the challenged eye. These results agree with the notions that (1) specific memory cells migrate to the conjunctiva after enteric immunization, or arise locally after ocular immunization; and (2) specific antibody-producing plasma cells arise almost entirely within the immunized conjunctiva, and few if any migrate to the conjunctiva from distant mucosae or from the conjunctiva of the immunized eye to that of the nonimmunized eye.