Spermatogenic cell heterogeneity is determined by the complex process of spermatogenesis differentiation. However, effectively revealing the regulatory mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenic cell development and differentiation via traditional methods is difficult. Advances in technology have led to the emergence of many single-cell transcriptome sequencing protocols, which have partially addressed these challenges. In this review, we detail the principles of 10x Genomics technology and summarize the methods for downstream analysis of single-cell transcriptome sequencing data. Furthermore, we explore the role of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in revealing the heterogeneity of testicular ecological niche cells, delineating the establishment and disruption of testicular immune homeostasis during human spermatogenesis, investigating abnormal spermatogenesis in humans, and, ultimately, elucidating the molecular evolution of mammalian spermatogenesis.
精子发生的复杂分化过程决定了生精细胞的细胞异质性。然而，通过传统方法难以有效揭示哺乳动物生精细胞发育和分化的整体调控机制。随着技术的发展，单细胞转录组测序技术的出现部分解决了这一问题。目前已有许多单细胞测序方案被报道。在此，我们介绍了 10x Genomics 技术的原理，并综述了单细胞转录组测序数据的下游分析方法。探讨了单细胞转录组测序技术在揭示睾丸生态位细胞的异质性、人类精子发生过程中睾丸免疫平衡的建立与失衡、人类异常精子发生过程以及哺乳动物精子发生的分子进化等方面的作用机制。.
Keywords: Molecular evolution; Sertoli cell; Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq); Spermatogenesis.