Biochar and silicon relegate the adversities of beryllium stress in pepper by modulating methylglyoxal detoxification and antioxidant defense mechanism

Riti Thapar Kapoor; Bilal Ahamad Paray; Ajaz Ahmad; Sheikh Mansoor; Parvaiz Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s11356-024-33547-9

Biochar and silicon relegate the adversities of beryllium stress in pepper by modulating methylglyoxal detoxification and antioxidant defense mechanism

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May 17. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33547-9. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Riti Thapar Kapoor¹, Bilal Ahamad Paray², Ajaz Ahmad³, Sheikh Mansoor⁴, Parvaiz Ahmad⁵

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201 313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India. parvaizbot@yahoo.com.

PMID: 38758448
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33547-9

Abstract

Industrial activities have escalated beryllium (Be) release in environment which negatively affect plant growth and human health. This investigation describes Be-induced stress in pepper and its palliation by application of pineapple fruit peel biochar (BC) and potassium silicate (Si). The treatment of Be reduced seedling length, biomass, and physiological attributes and enhanced electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), superoxide (O₂^•-) level in pepper plants; however, these oxidative stress markers were reduced with combined treatment (Be + BC + Si). Application of BC and Si also lowered Be cumulation in roots and shoots of pepper. Under combined treatment, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities exhibited significant enhancement 19, 7.6, 22.8, and 48%, respectively, in Be-stressed pepper. The Be + BC + Si increased peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GPX), and glutathione peroxidase (GST) activities 121, 55, and 53%, respectively, as compared to Be-treated pepper. Methylglyoxal level was reduced in pepper with rise in glyoxalase I and II enzymes. Thus, combined application of SS and BC effectively protects pepper against oxidative stress induced by Be by increasing both antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Hence, pineapple fruit peel biochar along with potassium silicate can be used for enhancing crop productivity under Be-contaminated soil.

Keywords: Capsicum annuum; Antioxidants; Beryllium; Biochar; Potassium silicate.