Objective: To analyze the role of real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) in evaluating in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: This study enrolled 62 AMI patients (research group) and 51 healthy volunteers (control group) who presented to The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University between October 2021 and December 2022. Differences in RT-3DE parameters between the two groups and changes in RT-3DE parameters before and after PCI in the research group were compared. The patients were followed up for 6 months after PCI to analyze the evaluation effect of RT-3DE parameters on post-PCI ISR.
Results: After PCI, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), displacement standard deviation (Esd) in both groups, maximum displacement value (Emax), and LV synchronization parameters were all reduced and were higher in the study group than in the control group (P < .05). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak ejection rate (PER), peak filling rate (PFR), average motion amplitude (Eavg), minimum displacement value (Emin), and left ventricular synchronization parameters were all lower in the study group than in the control group (P < .05). The LVEDV and Tmsv16-SD/R-R were found to be higher in patients with ISR 6 months after PCI than in those without ISR, while LVEF and Emin were lower (P < .05). ROC curve analysis revealed that all four parameters exhibited excellent prediction efficiency for the occurrence of ISR, among which LVEF had the best performance.
Conclusions: RT-3DE parameters play an excellent role in predicting the occurrence of post-PCI ISR in AMI patients.