Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is prevalent in middle-aged and elderly women, characterized by dry mouth, dry eyes, fatigue, and joint pain. Nearly one-third pSS patients have been suffering with osteoporosis (OP), displaying symptoms of lumbago, back pain, and even fracture, all of which severely affect their life quality. Common risk factors for pSS and OP include gender and age, persistent state of inflammation, immune disorders, intestinal flora imbalance, vitamin D deficiency, dyslipidemia and sarcopenia. Meanwhile, the comorbidities of pSS, such as renal tubular acidosis, primary biliary cholangitis, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and drugs (glucocorticoids, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide) are unique risk factors for pSS complicated with OP. Education, guidance of healthy lifestyle, and OP screening are recommended for bone management of pSS patients. Early detection and intervention are crucial for keeping bone health and life quality in pSS patients.
原发性干燥综合征(primary Sjögren’s syndrome，pSS)是一种好发于中老年女性，以口干、眼干、疲劳、关节疼痛为主要临床特点的系统性自身免疫性疾病。研究表明约1/3的pSS患者合并骨质疏松(osteoporosis，OP)，出现腰背疼痛，甚至骨折，严重影响pSS患者生活质量。pSS和OP的共同危险因素除年龄与性别外，还包括持续存在的炎症状态、免疫紊乱、肠道菌群失调、低维生素D水平、血脂异常和肌少症等，而pSS合并症(如肾小管性酸中毒、原发性胆汁性胆管炎、自身免疫性甲状腺疾病)以及pSS治疗药物(如糖皮质激素、甲氨蝶呤、环磷酰胺)是pSS合并OP特有的危险因素。在临床工作中应加强对pSS患者的宣教及健康引导，加强OP筛查等骨骼健康的管理。早期识别OP并及时进行干预治疗对改善pSS患者骨代谢及生活质量起着重要作用。.
Keywords: osteoporosis; primary Sjögren’s syndrome; risk factors.