Histopathologic Predictors for Locoregional Recurrence in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Satnam Singh Jolly; Vidya Rattan; Lingesh Parasuraman; Suvradeep Mitra; Apoorva Singh

doi:10.1097/SCS.0000000000010274

Histopathologic Predictors for Locoregional Recurrence in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Single-Center Retrospective Study

J Craniofac Surg. 2024 May 16. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000010274. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Satnam Singh Jolly¹, Vidya Rattan¹, Lingesh Parasuraman¹, Suvradeep Mitra², Apoorva Singh¹

Affiliations

¹ 104, Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre.
² Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

PMID: 38752730
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000010274

Abstract

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is known for its aggressive behavior and the high potential for locoregional recurrence (LRR), contributing to poor prognostic outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of histologic parameters in predicting LRR in patients with OSCC.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 58 OSCC patients treated between January 2018 and December 2022. Data were collected from medical records, focusing on demographics, clinicopathologic features, and treatment details. Different histopathologic factors such as depth of invasion, tumor stage (T), pathologic node stage (N), histologic grade of differentiation, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, extranodal extension (ENE), and margin of resection were correlated with LRR.

Results: Out of 58 patients, 20 (34.4%) reported LRR within the first year of follow-up. In the recurrence group, 14 patients succumbed to death within 24 months. Among all the histopathologic parameters, our study found a statistically significant correlation between higher pathologic node stage, presence of ENE, and closest margin of resection (≤5 mm) with LRR.

Conclusion: Higher pathologic node stage, presence of ENE, and closest margin of resection (≤5 mm) were the histopathologic factors associated with LRR, and can serve as deciding prognostic factors. Treatment intensification in early-stage disease with higher pathologic nodal stage, presence of ENE, and closest margin of resection (≤5 mm) may improve survival outcomes.