Serum vitamin D concentrations and sleep disorders: insights from NHANES 2011-2016 and Mendelian Randomization analysis

Junjie Jiang; Hanyu Tan; Zhongfang Xia; Jun Li; Shuang Zhou; Tao Huang

doi:10.1007/s11325-024-03031-2

Serum vitamin D concentrations and sleep disorders: insights from NHANES 2011-2016 and Mendelian Randomization analysis

Sleep Breath. 2024 May 13. doi: 10.1007/s11325-024-03031-2. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Junjie Jiang^#¹, Hanyu Tan^#¹, Zhongfang Xia¹, Jun Li¹, Shuang Zhou¹, Tao Huang²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China. supermao2008@163.com.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 38739211
DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03031-2

Abstract

Objective: This investigation seeks to examine the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and the prevalence of sleep disorders, additionally elucidating the causal relationship via Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.

Materials and methods: This research employed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016, focusing on adults aged 20-50 years reporting sleep disorders. The research encompassed 4913 American adults. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models and cubic spline analyses were utilized to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and the incidence of sleep disorders. Additionally, a two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis was performed to evaluate the potential causal link between serum vitamin D concentrations and the risk of sleep disorders.

Results: Within the 2011-2016 NHANES cohort of the U.S. population, a notable inverse association was detected between serum vitamin D concentrations and sleep disorders (β = - 3.81, 95% CI: - 6.10 to - 1.52, p = 0.003). After multivariate adjustments, a higher incidence of sleep disorders was associated with lower vitamin D Concentrations (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.10, trend p = 0.014). Restricted cubic spline regression analysis indicated a linear association between serum vitamin D concentrations and sleep disorders(non-linearity p > 0.05). Lastly, the two-sample MR analysis yielded evidence supporting a potential causal connection between serum vitamin D concentrations and sleep disorders, with each unit increase in genetically predicted serum vitamin D reducing the odds ratio to 0.78 (95% CI 0.61-0.99, p = 0.044).

Conclusions: These results imply that lower vitamin D concentrations in the population might correlate with a heightened risk of sleep disorders, suggesting the importance of considering vitamin D supplementation when treating sleep disorders.

Keywords: Mendelian Randomization (MR); National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); Serum vitamin D; Sleep disorders.